- American Indian or Alaska Native Population
- Asian or Pacific Islander Population
- Black or African American Population
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Disability
- Diseases and Conditions
- Education
- Health Expenditures
- Health Risk Factors
- Hispanic or Latino Population
- Infectious Disease
- Injury
- Medicare
- Medicaid
- Men's Health
- Mental Health
- Metro and Nonmetropolitan Areas
- Older Population
- Poverty
- Private Health Insurance
- Special Feature: Medical Technology
- State Data
- Uninsured
- White Population
- Women's Health
Time frame: (as of June 2010) Data available thruogh 2007 with projections until 2050
Availabe at: www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus09.pdf
Chartbook
The 2009 Chartbook includes 36 charts, with 14 charts illustrating this year’s special feature on medical technology. As advances in medical technologies continue to transform the provision of health care and improve the length and quality of life, questions are raised about their appropriate and equitable use and how to best control their contributions to rising health care expenditures. The Chartbook assesses the Nation’s health by presenting trends and current information on selected determinants and measures of health status and the utilization of health care. Many measures are shown separately for persons of different ages because of the strong effect of age on health. Selected figures also highlight differences in determinants and measures of health status and utilization of health care based on such characteristics as sex, race, Hispanic origin, education, and poverty level.
Trend Tables
The Chartbook section is followed by 150 trend tables organized around four major subject areas: health status and determinants, health care utilization, health care resources, and health care expenditures. A major criterion used in selecting the trend tables is availability of comparable national data over a period of several years. The tables present data for selected years to highlight major trends in health statistics. Earlier editions of Health, United States may present data for additional years that are not included in the current printed report. Where possible, these additional years of data are available in ExcelT spreadsheet files on the Health, United States website. Tables containing additional data years are listed in Appendix III.
Racial and Ethnic Data
Many tables in Health, United States present data according to race and Hispanic origin, consistent with a department-wide emphasis on expanding racial and ethnic detail when presenting health data. Trend data on race and ethnicity are presented in the greatest detail possible after taking into account the quality of data, the amount of missing data, and the number of observations. These issues significantly impact the availability of reportable data for certain populations, such as the Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population and the American Indian and Alaska Native population. Standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity are described in Appendix II, Race.
Education and Income Data
Many tables in Health, United States present data according to socioeconomic status, using education and family income as proxy measures. Education and income data are generally obtained directly from survey respondents and are not generally available from records-based data collection systems. State vital statistics systems currently report mother’s education on the birth certificate and, based on an informant, decedent’s education on the death certificate. See Appendix II, Education; Family income; Poverty.
Disability Data
Disability is a complex concept and can include the presence of physical or mental impairments that limit a person’s ability to perform an important activity and affect the use of, or need for, supports, accommodations, or interventions required to improve functioning. Information on disability in the U.S. population is critical to health planning and policy. Several current initiatives are under way to coordinate and standardize measurement of disability across federal data systems. This year’s report introduces the first detailed trend table (Table 55) using data from the NCHS National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to create disability measures consistent with two of the conceptual components that have been indentified in disability models and disability legislation: basic actions difficulty and complex activity limitation. Basic actions difficulty captures limitations or difficulties in movement and sensory, emotional, or mental functioning that are associated with some health problem. Complex activity limitation describes limitations or restrictions on a person’s ability to participate fully in social role activities such as working or maintaining a household. Data on health insurance coverage from NHIS for persons with basic actions difficulty or complex activity limitation have been added to Tables 137–140. Health, United States also includes the following disability-related information for the civilian noninstitutionalized population: vision and hearing limitations for adults (Table 56), and disability-related information for Medicare enrollees (Table 144), Medicaid recipients (Table 145), and veterans with service-connected disabilities (Figure 3 and Table 147). For more information on disability statistics, see: Altman B, Bernstein A. Disability and health in the United States, 2001–2005. Hyattsville, MD: NCHS; 2008. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/misc/disability2001-2005.pdf.
Statistical Significance
All differences between estimates noted in this report were determined to be significant by using two-sided significance tests at the 0.05 level. Terms such as ‘‘similar’’ and ‘‘no difference’’ indicate that the statistics being compared were not significantly different. Lack of comment regarding the difference between any two statistics does not necessarily suggest that the difference was tested and found to be not significant.
Overall estimates generally have relatively small sampling errors, but estimates for certain population subgroups may be based on small numbers and have relatively large sampling errors. Numbers of births and deaths from the Vital Statistics System represent complete counts (except for births in those states where data are based on a 50% sample for certain years). Therefore, they are not subject to sampling error. However, when the figures are used for analytical purposes, such as the comparison of rates over a period, the number of events that actually occurred may be considered as one of a large series of possible results that could have arisen under the same circumstances. When the number of events is small and the probability of such an event is small, considerable caution must be observed in interpreting the conditions described by the figures. Estimates that are unreliable because of large sampling errors or small numbers of events have been noted with asterisks in selected tables. The criteria used to designate unreliable estimates are indicated in an accompanying footnote.
Point estimates and estimates of corresponding variances of NCHS surveys that are based on a complex sampling design were calculated using the SUDAAN software package (Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC). Standard errors of other surveys or data sets were computed using methodology recommended by the programs providing the data or were provided directly by those programs.
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